中国药物应用与监测

目的:探讨万古霉素不良反应发生的一般规律和特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:检索1986–2019年中国知网、万方、维普数据库关于万古霉素不良反应的文献报道,按照患者一般情况、用药情况、不良反应发生及转归等进行统计分析。结果:共收集161篇文献,包含190例万古霉素所致的不良反应,男性多于女性,中年组发生率最高,发生时间在2～10 d的占53.16%(101/190),共累及7个系统,以皮肤及其附件(40.53%)、全身系统(18.26%)、泌尿系统(14.48%)为主。本研究显示全身性损害的危险因素可能与患者性别、年龄、过敏史、合并用药以及用法用量等因素无关。结论:万古霉素不良反应表现多样,建议临床应予以重视,合理用药,确保患者用药安全有效。

Objective: To explore the general regularities and characteristics of vancomycin-induced adverse drug reaction(ADR), and provide references for rational drug use in clinic. Methods: Vancomycin-induced ADRs from 1986 to 2019 were searched in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP databases and statistically analyzed in terms of general information of patients, medication information, occurrence and prognosis of ADRs, etc. Results: A total of 161 literature, 190 cases of vancomycin-induced ADRs were enrolled in this study, among which males were more than females. Most ADRs occurred in middle aged patients. 53.16%(101/190) of ADRs occurred from 2 to 10 days after administration. And 7 systems were involved in ADRs associated with vancomycin, among which the main diseases were skin and its accessories(40.53%), systemic system(18.26%) and urinary system(14.48%). This study showed that the risk factors of systemic damage in patients might not be related to gender, age, allergic history, combined medications, usage and dosage. Conclusion: Vancomycin-induced ADRs were varied. More attentions should be paid to ADRs caused by vancomycin in clinic in order to improve the rational use of drugs and ensure safe and effective medication for patients.